Types of Shatkarma: The Yogic Path to Inner Cleansing

In the rich tradition of Hatha Yoga, the journey toward balance and enlightenment begins not with postures, but with purification. The types of Shatkarma the six classical yogic cleansing practices—are the foundation stones for a healthy body, a clear mind, and a harmonious energy system.

Shatkarma (or Shatkriya) means "six actions" in Sanskrit. These ancient techniques are designed to purify the body’s internal systems, helping yoga practitioners prepare for higher practices like asana, pranayama, and meditation.

???? What are the Types of Shatkarma?

The six types of Shatkarma are mentioned in classical yogic texts such as the Hatha Yoga Pradipika and Gheranda Samhita. Each one targets specific areas of the body and plays a unique role in detoxification and energetic balancing.

1. Neti – Nasal Cleansing

• Purpose: Clears the nasal passages and sinuses.

• Types:

  • Jala Neti (using lukewarm saline water)

  • Sutra Neti (using a cotton thread or rubber catheter)

• Benefits: Reduces allergies, improves breathing, enhances mental clarity.

2. Dhauti – Gastrointestinal Cleansing

• Purpose: Cleans the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

• Types:

  • Vamana Dhauti (induced vomiting)

  • Vastra Dhauti (swallowing a cloth)

  • Danta Dhauti (cleansing the teeth and tongue)

• Benefits: Removes toxins, strengthens the digestive system, aids in weight management.

3. Nauli – Abdominal Massage

• Purpose: Massages and strengthens the abdominal organs by rotating the abdominal muscles.

• Benefits: Stimulates digestion, regulates hormonal activity, balances the nervous system.

4. Basti – Yogic Enema

• Purpose: Cleanses the colon and rectum.

• Types:

  • Jala Basti (using water)

  • Sthala Basti (dry method using air suction)

• Benefits: Detoxifies the colon, relieves constipation, strengthens the pelvic floor.

5. Kapalabhati – Frontal Brain Cleansing

• Purpose: Energizes the brain and clears the respiratory tract.

• Method: Rapid forceful exhalation followed by passive inhalation.

• Benefits: Improves lung capacity, clears nasal passages, energizes the mind.

6. Trataka – Steady Gazing

• Purpose: Cleanses and strengthens the eyes and improves concentration.

• Method: Gazing at a fixed point or flame without blinking.

• Benefits: Enhances focus, develops willpower, purifies mental clutter.

???? Yoga and Health: Why Shatkarma Matters

Modern lifestyles often lead to poor digestion, respiratory issues, anxiety, and chronic fatigue. The types of Shatkarma offer holistic remedies by:

• Eliminating accumulated toxins (physical and mental)

• Improving energy flow through the nadis (energy channels)

• Boosting immunity and metabolism

• Preparing the body for pranayama and meditation practices

• Promoting emotional balance and mental clarity

Unlike temporary cleanses or diets, Shatkarmas align with the natural rhythms of the body and mind, offering sustainable well-being.

????‍♀️ Learning Shatkarma in a Yoga Ashram

Though some techniques like Jala Neti or Kapalabhati are safe to practice at home, many others (such as Dhauti or Nauli) should be learned under the supervision of a qualified yoga teacher—ideally within a yoga ashram.

What a Yoga Ashram Offers:

• Authentic teachings passed down in the traditional guru-shishya parampara (teacher-disciple lineage)

• Structured daily routine with yogic diet, meditation, and spiritual practices

• Safe environment to practice Shatkarmas under expert guidance

• Opportunities for deeper spiritual growth

Related Blog Posts:

• Beginner’s Guide to Practicing Jala Neti

• Yoga Detox: How Shatkarma Complements Ayurveda

• Top 5 Yoga Ashrams in India for Deep Cleansing Retreats

• Pranayama After Shatkarma: What You Should Know